Sunday, December 30, 2007
RAE HOLIDAY PARTY SET FOR FRIDAY JANUARY 11th
The menu will consist of: Sausage with peppers and onions, Rigatoni with meat, Breaded Chicken, Garden Salad, Relish Tray, Green Beans, Scalloped Potato, Rolls and Butter, Cake and Coffee and Tea.
For reservations contact Neil Shea N3ZNP at (814) 474-2346 or via e-mail at twosheas@velocity.net
Just a reminder, no shows will be responsible for the cost of their dinner!

Upcoming Classes
RTT RCO/RCS
We are currently lining up Instructors for a January class. Stay tuned for updates as they are available!
Again, Happy Holidays to everyone!
Dan Miller, K3UFG
dmiller@erieredcross.org
(814) 434-0798 (Nextel)
(814) 464-3664 (C)
(814) 823-8250 (Pager)
EchoLink #44648
Attention No-Code Technicians!
It’s Membership Renewal Time!

It’s that time of year to renew your membership with the Radio Association of Erie. The Membership dues for 2008 are still the same as is 2007.
Full Membership is only $15.00 with Full Voting Privileges
Associate Membership is $11.50 with all Privileges except Voting
2nd Family Member is 50% off--Immediate Family, No QuaRAE(Same privileges as Full Family Member)
New Ham membership is First Year No Charge-- All Privileges Except Voting
Life Membership is $225.00 - Full Privileges
Full Time Student membership is $8.00 with all Privileges Except Voting
In 2007, The Radio Association of Erie has
• Assisted in providing emergency communications at various community events such as Walk America and the Hamot Sports Medicine Triathlon in Edinboro
• Held various activities at our clubhouse on Wagner Road in McKean such as Monthly Club Meetings, Field Day, PA QSO Party, and other activities;
• Completed the move of the 146.61 repeater to the St. Vincent's Hospital location and completed major upgrades to the 146.82 repeater;
•And the list goes on and on! If you have been a member and have read the QUARAE or visited our website at www.raerie.org, you will have knowledge of our numerous activities.
If you can attend the RAE Holiday Party, please if possible bring in your dues payment for 2008. If you are unable to attend, please mail in your membership dues along with the form located at: http://www.w3gv.org/memform.pdf
to:
Radio Association of Erie
PO Box 844
Erie, PA 16512.
Just a reminder about RAE repeaters-
If you are experiencing problems using the 146.61 or 146.82 repeaters, or need a control operator to take care of a repeater controller issues such as controlling malicious interference or reset issues, please feel free to contact one of these one of these RAE Control ops:
Steve Lajohn N3SRD -- e-mail: slajohn@neo.rr.com
Lee Williams N3APP -- e-mail: n3app@neo.rr.com
Jeremy Lobaugh KB3BAM -- e-mail: kb3bam@arrl.net
Matt Fuller KB3CAT -- e-mail mfuller@verizon.net
Ron Seyboldt WB3DOM -- e-mail: wb3dom@aol.com
Bob Fuller N3LBI -- e-mail: n3lbi@roadrunner.com
John Lis N3NKV -- e-mail: n3nkv@roadrunner.com -- Phone 825-5565 -- AOL IM: MRJOHNLIS
Computers for the Clubhouse

Skywarn News
Erie County Skywarn would like to welcome their to new coordinator Brian Zentis KA3JVX and Assistant coordinator Don Erbin KB3CAA!Saturday, December 1, 2007
Club Meeting This Thursday!
Program for the evening: Video – The Ham Band
If a meeting is cancelled due to the weather, please be sure to listen to 61 for the special tail message about the meeting cancellation and check the listserv.
Happy Party 2008

Meeting Minutes
General Membership Meeting Minutes
November 1, 2007
The meeting was called to order by KE3V at 7:00 pm.
Board Members represent included KE3V, N3NKV, and N3ZNP.
Not Present: KD3D, AD4UL, K3LD, KB3BAM, KB3CAT, KB3JSN
Bill Edgar, ARRL Atlantic Division Director, had a presentation for the group.
KE3V called the meeting back to order at 7:51 pm.
Secretary’s Report: N3NKV asked for a motion to accept the minutes as printed in the QUARAE. Motion made by N3LBI. Seconded by KB3JZL. Motion Carried
Treasurer’s Report: None
Board Meeting Report:
N3NKV gave the board of director’s meeting report. Topics discussed included: Holiday Party, Computer Problems that occurred during PA QSO Party at Clubhouse, Bylaws, Elections, repeater Letter to St Vincent’s, Repeaterisms, Repeater ID’s, 440 repeater, Insurance, Equipment Inventory, property and supplies committee.
Repeaters: 440 repeater: WB3IGK mentioned he has the 440 repeater at his house. It is up and ready useable with the exception of a controller. He said that he has the antenna. N3BXL fixed the part that was broken. WB3IGK mentioned that he would donate the electricity and the space on his tower for the antenna. He mentioned that the repeater is already wired for an RC-100 Controller which is manufactured by Micro Computer Concepts. The cost for a new controller would be roughly $150+/-. N3NKV mentioned that the club had one at one time on 82 but was not sure of the status of it.
WX3E reported that there are presently some problems on the 440 receive up at the Union City 70 linking hub.
Bylaws: N3NKV made a motion that the following revision be made to the Section G Part 15 of the bylaws under Repeater Committee:
Repeater Committee: The Repeater Committee shall operate, maintain and improve the repeaters owned by the RAE. The Chairman of the Committee must be an Active Member. The Chairman or an appointed assistant will handle all frequency coordination issues, may appoint assistants with board approval, may appoint control operators with board approval, may make expenditures up to a $300.00 per year with the approval of 3 board members provided
such expenditures are for the repair of the repeaters. The station trustee shall serve on this committee.
Clubhouse: N3ZNP reported that KB3JZL got some steel donated from the Presque Isle Yacht Club for our stair project. Gene will weld it up himself. The only costs involved to the club maybe a little bit of lumber, cement, and hardware to attach the stairs to the building. Gene has all of the welding equipment. The clubhouse has been winterized. There is still a decent amount of oil left as per N3ZNP.
ARES/RACES: Nothing
Skywarn: KB3NAT reported that there will be a tower climb up at the Summit Township Building to take down the Skywarn Backbone Repeater Link.
Old Business:
Holiday Party: N3ZNP reported that the party will be held on Friday January 11th at 6:30 pm. The Shrine Club will not need a count until that day. Cut off day for reservations will be January 11 which is the Sunday prior to the party. The event will be prepay. The menu for the buffet will be announced via the listserve and QUARAE. We will need a minimum of 20 people to get the room for free.
A motion was made by KB3NAT to award N3APP a certificate and pay for dinner for him and him a guest at the holiday party for all the work he has done on the repeaters. Seconded by K3GJK. Motion Carried.
New Business:
Elections of Vice-President: The Election for the Vice-President of the Radio Association of Erie for 2007 took place. The winner of the election was N3ZNP.
50/50: Winner- N3LBI- $9.50
Motion to Adjourn at 9:00 pm made by N3DBC Seconded by N3LBI
Respectfully Submitted by,
John J. Lis
Radio Association of Erie
Secretary
From the Membership Chairman
It’s time again for the Radio Association of Erie to ask you to support the premier amateur radio club of Northwestern Pennsylvania. For 2008, we have decided to continue to keep our dues at a special low price for you. For 2008, full membership is only $15.00. During 2007, the Radio Association of Erie has been very active in furthering and promoting Amateur Radio.
The Radio Association of Erie has:
• Assisted in providing emergency communications at various community events such as Walk America and the Hamot Sports Medicine Triathlon in Edinboro
• Held various activities at our clubhouse on Wagner Road in McKean such as Monthly Club Meetings, Field Day, PA QSO Party, and other activities;
• Completed the move of the 146.61 repeater to the St. Vincent's Hospital location and completed major upgrades to the 146.82 repeater;
•And the list goes on and on! If you have been a member and have read the QUARAE or visited our website at www.raerie.org, you will have knowledge of our numerous activities.
If not we ask you to join and share in our enjoyment and participation in Ham Radio. If already a member, please rejoin!By helping the RAE, you will also help non-hams know about the hobby and assist in preserving the amateur frequencies for all to use and enjoy. The important public service factor also needs to be reinforced. Please don’t delay, please complete the attached RAE Membership Form and mail it to me with your check with whatever level of membership you wish. If you have any questions, please call me at 449-2309 or e-mail me at kd3dfrank@hotmail.com or contact any club officer. We need you now!
73 from the members and officers,
Frank Graziano, KD3D
RAE Membership Chairman
Click Here for Membership Form!
Radio Association Officers for 2008
Vice President: Neil Shea N3ZNP
Secretary: John Lis N3NKV
Treasurer: Frank Graziano KD3D
Board of Directors:
Matt Fuller KB3CAT
Frank Henry KB3NAT
Jeremy Lobaugh KB3BAM
Dianne Miller K3LD
Doug Sweet AD4UL
Erie County Snowfall Website

Visit the Erie County Snowfall Website located at:
http://eriecountypasnowfall.raerie.org
Classes
We were down to 1 student at the last class. If you know anyone who is genuinely interested in this class, please have them contact me directly. Help spread the word.
EXTRA CLASS
Begins Thursday, Jan. 3, 6 to 8 PM at the Erie Red Cross Chapter House. Mondays and Thursdays thru January and February, depending upon weather and other commitments. If you wish to join us and need a book, let me know and I'll save you the shipping cost.
RTT RCO/RCS
We are currently lining up Instructors for a January class. Stay tuned for updates as they are available!
Again, Happy Holidays to everyone!
Dan Miller, K3UFG
dmiller@erieredcross.org
(814) 796-4603 (H)
(814) 434-0798 (Nextel)
(814) 464-3664 (C)
(814) 823-8250 (Pager)
EchoLink #44648
MOTOROLA TO ACQUIRE CONTROLLING INTEREST IN PARENT COMP ANY OF YAESU

Motorola issued a press release earlier this week stating that its subsidiary, Motorola USA, will “launch a tender offer to acquire a controlling interest in Vertex Standard Co., Ltd.” Vertex Standard is the parent company of Yaesu. Upon successful completion of the tender offer and subsequent restructuring process, Motorola will own 80 percent of Vertex Standard; Tokogiken, a privately held Japanese company, controlled by current President and CEO of Vertex Standard Jun Hasegawa will retain 20 percent, forming a joint venture. The total purchase price for 80 percent of the outstanding shares on a fully diluted basis will be approximately 12.3 billion yen (approximately US $108 million). The bid will start November 6 and end on December 26. If the bid succeeds, shares of Vertex would be delisted from the Jasdaq Securities Exchange in Japan. According to Dennis Motschenbacher, K7BV, Yaesu’s Executive Vice President for Amateur Radio Sales in North America, “I thought that the happiest and proudest day of my 45-plus years in Amateur Radio was when I was offered the opportunity to lead the Yaesu North American sales effort; however, being able to now announce this news to my fellow Amateur Radio operators takes over as the top life thrill for me! I am certain the good fortune that put me in this leadership chair at Yaesu now promises opportunities for me to do more for the technological future of Amateur Radio than I ever dreamed possible. I do not pretend to know the full extent of the positive impact this Motorola/Vertex Standard business arrangement will have on Amateur Radio—I just know it is going to be terrific for all of us who love Amateur Radio for its public service and entertainment value, as well as its potential for us to make lifelong friendships in our neighborhoods and around the world.” According to Hasegawa, “The joint venture will give Vertex Standard access to Motorola’s global distribution channels, presenting considerable opportunities for Vertex Standard to drive growth. We also expect to reduce costs, as we will benefit from Motorola’s global scale and resources. With Motorola, Vertex Standard will be stronger and better positioned to deliver new and innovative 2-way radio solutions for professionals and consumers around the world.” Motschenbacher said, “There is a unique aspect of business that comes with Amateur Radio. It’s not just about a radio. It’s the relationship between the ham, the radio itself and the company that makes that radio. This relationship in Amateur Radio is far different than it is, say, between a buyer of a HDTV, the TV and the TV manufacturer. The relationship in Amateur Radio is far more personal and ‘bonding,’ per se. I am certain that we will do our utmost to ensure that Motorola understands this delicate bond. Since Motorola is leaving the day-to-day management of Yaesu in the hands of my boss, Jun Hasegawa, President of Vertex Standard, we can expect our longtime relationship with hams to remain intact.” Calling the joint venture “a good thing,” Motschenbacher said, “Before working in the business side of Amateur Radio, my old business partner and I purchased a number of small companies in our line of business. More often than not, we found that bringing these new acquisitions into our existing family of companies added more to the overall success of the total group than expected. Therefore, I believe that this joint venture is not just a 1 + 1=2 equation—I am positive that the outcome for our Amateur Radio customers is going to feel more like 1+1= 3 and that’s a good thing!”
-ARRL NEWSLINE
Friday, October 26, 2007
RAE MEETING THIS THURSDAY!
The Radio Association of Erie meeting will be held on Thursday November 1st at 7 PM at the American Red Cross located at 4961 Pittsburgh Avenue off of West Grandview Blvd. For Directions, Please Visit www.erieredcross.org
Programs for the evening:
October 4th Meeting General Membership Meeting Minutes
General Membership Meeting Minutes
October 4th, 2007
The meeting was called to order at 7:04 pm by N3ZNP in the absence of KE3V.
Board Members Present: N3ZNP, N3NKV, KD3D, AD4UL, KB3BAM
Not Present: KE3V, KB3JSN, K3LD
Visitors: KB3PPE, KB3PPH, KB3PPPI, and Kyler N3PBQ’s friend
Secretary’s Report: N3NKV asked for a motion to accept the minutes as printed in the QUARAE. Motion made by KB3BAM. Seconded by KB3NAT. Motion Carried
Treasurer’s Report: KD3D provided the treasurer’s report.
KD3D reported that the monies have been transferred into the checking account from the investments.
Board of Directors Report: N3NKV gave a brief synopsis of the board meeting. Topics discussed included: investments, status of 82 repeater, holiday party, PA QSO Party, bylaws revisions.
Membership: KD3D reported that we have around 105 members. N3NKV reported that the membership mailing will be going out sometime in November.
Clubhouse: N3ZNP mentioned that this will be our last meeting of the year at the clubhouse. The November meeting will be at the Red Cross. KD3D reported that the phone service has been disconnected at the clubhouse. There was also a discussion about the back steps for the clubhouse.
Education: K3UFG reported that the third Red Cross Emergency Communications training will be coming up soon.
Public Service: AD4UL mentioned that the last event of the year took place. It was Run Around Erie which took place at the Peninsula.
Contesting: AD4UL mentioned that the PA QSO Party is coming up the weekend of October 13th and 14th. The club will be operating as W3P. KD3D will be operating W3P from McKean County. For more details contact WB3DOM.
Skywarn: KB3NAT reported that the 6 meter backbone repeater is at the clubhouse. The antenna is still up at the Summit Township Garage.
ARES/RACES: WX3E reported that the Edinboro open house will be held on October 6th. WX3E reported that the Airport Drill is planned for August 20, 2008.
Repeater:
*N3SRD reported that the 82 repeater is up and running on the GE Master II. Power Output is about 50 watts.
*N3APP mentioned we should consider ordering the Astron RS 50-M Power Supply for the 82 site. It was previously approved.
*N3SRD sent an informational e-mail to Paul Matters at St. Vincent’s. This is an “informational letter” and not a legal lease for the space on the tower and room at the hospital. As per N3SRD, St. Vincent’s would not agree to a lease. N3ZNP mentioned that the secretary should enter the letter as official correspondence. For the official record, N3SRD wanted it noted that the board said that the board gave him the approval to move the 61 repeater to Saint Vincent’s.
*N3NKV mentioned that since we have invested a lot of time, money, and resources into the repeater system. We should consider creating an equipment inventory for insurance purposes. The last inventory was done was about 5-7 years ago.
*N3SRD said that he would help out with serial numbers and pictures. N3SRD also mentioned that he needs control ops for the repeater. The following volunteered to be control ops: N3NKV, KB3BAM, N3LBI, and KD3D. N3SRD mentioned that there would be a control op training before the end of the year.
Bylaws: At the September meeting, N3SRD proposed a change to the bylaws. The change is as follows: “The repeater committee shall be allocated $300 per year with approval of 2 board members.” As per the bylaws, the first reading took place at this meeting and there were no comments. As per the bylaws, the second reading will take place at the November meeting, a period for comments and a vote will take place.
Old Business:
JOTA: N3LBI did not hear about any info about JOTA. WA1YJZ mentioned that the scouts will be setting up in Elgin Park down in Elgin.
New Business:
Gas Card for Good Neighbor Bob: AD4UL made a motion to purchase a $50.00 gas card for Good Neighbor Bob. Seconded by N3SRD. Motion Carried.
Elections:
Nominations for the 2008 Radio Association of Erie Board of Directors took place:
President: KE3V
Vice President: N3ZNP, K3UFG
Secretary: N3NKV
Treasurer: KD3D
Board Member: KB3NAT
Motion to close elections made by N3SRD. Seconded by AD4UL
50/50 Winner: N3DBC= $17.50
Motion to Adjourn made by N3LBI and Seconded by WA1YJZ at 8:30 pm.
Program: 1939 MGM Movie "Radio Hams"
Respectfully Submitted,
John Lis
Radio Association of Erie
Secretary
Interesting Online Article

New ARRL Section Manager Appointed in Western Pennsylvania
John Rodgers, N3MSE, of Butler, Pennsylvania, has been appointed Section Manager of the Western Pennsylvania Section, announced Dave Patton, NN1N, ARRL Membership and Volunteer Programs Manager, effective today. He will complete the term of office of Larry O'Toole, K3LBP, of Mount Pleasant, who stepped down due to health reasons; he has served as Section Manager since April 2006. Rodgers is returning to Section's top position where he served as Western Pennsylvania Section Manager from January 2000-September 2003. He also served as an Assistant Section Manger starting in 1995. Rodgers' term of office continues through December 31, 2008.The transistor turns sixty
The transistor turns sixty
As described in last month’s Pioneers’ Page, an early method for amplifying electric signals to produce sound was the carbon microphone. By the start of the 20th century, thermionic valves (or vacuum tubes) were being used for amplification in many types of equipment, from telephone systems to radio sets. Some readers might remember how, in the first half of the last century, radios containing valves took a while to warm up before sound could be heard. The glow of these sets may have created a cozy atmosphere, but they were hardly portable. And vacuum tubes not only gave off heat: they were also bulky and fragile. It was not until the 1940s that a breakthrough came. It made possible today’s digital world.
Semiconductor research
Some materials can both conduct electricity and resist its flow. Called semiconductors, they include the elements germanium and silicon. Under the influence of electrical fields they can either amplify a signal or close a circuit. The use of crystals to receive radio waves goes back to the late 19th century, and research into using such "solid-state" materials was carried out in the 1920s and 1930s. However, there was incomplete understanding of how these worked.
In 1945, a team of physicists at Bell Telephone Laboratories, in New Jersey, United States, was asked to investigate the topic. The team was led by William Shockley, with John Bardeen and Walter Brattain. After two years, Bardeen and Brattain discovered how to make an amplifying circuit using germanium, which they showed to Bell executives in December 1947. It later became known as the transistor — and 2007 sees the 60th birthday of one of the most important pieces of technology ever invented.
How it worked
In 1956, Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley shared the Nobel Prize for physics "for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect." It works because pure germanium or silicon are good insulators. But if contaminated, or "doped", with other substances, they produce either a surplus of negatively charged electrons, or steal electrons from the semiconductor to produce "holes" that can carry a positive charge. If you place a negative electrode against a semiconductor with negative carriers, the current is blocked. The insulating property can be removed by electrically injecting positive "holes" that attract the negative carriers.
The world’s first transistor was a "point-contact" type. It was overtaken by the "junction transistor" invented by Shockley in 1948, which comprised a "sandwich" of three regions of germanium. This blocked the flow of electricity both ways until a small current was applied to the middle region to let a much larger current flow through the whole device. Thus, the transistor could act as either a switch or an amplifier. The new technology could produce controllable conductivity — at low cost, little power, small size and good durability.
A mass-market, mobile deviceIn 1956, Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley shared the Nobel Prize for physics "for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect." It works because pure germanium or silicon are good insulators. But if contaminated, or "doped", with other substances, they produce either a surplus of negatively charged electrons, or steal electrons from the semiconductor to produce "holes" that can carry a positive charge. If you place a negative electrode against a semiconductor with negative carriers, the current is blocked. The insulating property can be removed by electrically injecting positive "holes" that attract the negative carriers.
The world’s first transistor was a "point-contact" type. It was overtaken by the "junction transistor" invented by Shockley in 1948, which comprised a "sandwich" of three regions of germanium. This blocked the flow of electricity both ways until a small current was applied to the middle region to let a much larger current flow through the whole device. Thus, the transistor could act as either a switch or an amplifier. The new technology could produce controllable conductivity — at low cost, little power, small size and good durability.
A mass-market, mobile device
Hearing aids were the first application for transistors. Then, in 1953, the first ever radio using a transistor was demonstrated by the German company Intermetall at the Düsseldorf Radio Fair. In fact, it used four "transistrons" developed independently by German physicists Herbert F. Mataré and Heinrich Welker.
In the United States the following year, two companies, Texas Instruments and Industrial Development Engineering Associates, cooperated to make the "Regency TR-1" that was advertised as "the world’s first pocket radio".
This portability began a revolution. No longer was a radio a piece of living-room furniture; now, it was a personal accessory. The TR-1 was small but expensive (USD 49.95, or about USD 400 today), and it was soon overtaken by transistor radios manufactured in Japan. Nevertheless, with parts that were specially designed to fit its size, the TR-1 had heralded the development of miniature electronic components.
Transistor technology had other, far-reaching effects. An expert on the first transistor radios, Dr Steven Reyer, Professor in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department at the Milwaukee School of Engineering, United States, has described the TR-1 as "in some ways, really ushering in the beginnings of the information age. That is, many of the electronic devices that we have today are based on the transistor in one form or another — either individual transistors, as appeared in this radio, or, in the case of personal computers, many millions of transistors embedded in integrated circuits".
Heading for Silicon Valley
Using transistors based on silicon, those integrated circuits (or microchips) revolutionized the world of computing. They were spearheaded by William Shockley. After leaving Bell Labs in 1955, he directed a semiconductor research and manufacturing company at Mountain View, California, United States. Colleagues went on to form Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, which developed some of the first integrated circuits at a location that became part of "Silicon Valley".
Shockley later became a professor at nearby Stanford University. A meeting was held there in 2002 to remember those days. It confirmed (and to answer the question posed in last month’s Pioneers’ Page) that "Shockley is the man who brought silicon to Silicon Valley."Heading for Silicon Valley
Origin of the name
Bell Telephone Laboratories asked staff to name the new invention, and accepted the proposal of John R. Pierce. So, the transistor was described as "an abbreviated combination of the words transconductance (or transfer) and varistor".
Hams Activate as Wildfires Ravage Southern California, San Diego Area
As fires raged through parts of the San Diego area and other areas in Southern California, ham radio operators did their part to ensure the safety of residents either affected or threatened by the fires. ARES groups in San Diego were activated on Monday, October 22 and continued to assist their served agencies until early Wednesday morning. Sixty hams were called to service by the County of San Diego's Emergency Medical Service. According to ARRL San Diego Section Emergency Coordinator James J. Cammarano II, KG6R, hams assisted at the San Diego Medical Operations Center, six trauma centers and 16 community hospitals. Hams served as a resource, Cammarano said, "to be used in case primary circuits to hospital communications were lost due to either overload or power interruptions." In addition to these 60 amateurs, another dozen or so hams were activated by the Red Cross. ARRL Emergency Preparedness and Response Manager Dennis Dura, K2DCD, learned that San Diego ARES volunteers were activated and now they are in standby mode. "They are ready to go at a moment's notice, but there are currently no plans for re-activation," he said. As in any emergency situation, information can quickly change and the ARRL will continue to monitor the situation and inform members if the situation changes.
As the fires started to spread, hams started a FIRENET on the Palomar ARC 146.73 MHz repeater. Howard White, KY6LA, of La Jolla, who was among those who served as net control operator under extremely stressful conditions, disseminated a preliminary log of his experience. Excerpts follow: “With flames starting to engulf the county and no active single source of information, as best as I could determine Charlie NN3V stepped into the information vacuum to start the ‘FIRENET’ as an ad hoc operation on Sunday afternoon. Early contributors included Gayle K6GO and Gary W6GDK. Initial operations started by collecting fire information as to fire location, wind directions, shelter locations and initial evacuations. Hams provided eyes and ears on the ground where the danger was. Soon however the fires seemed to be heading down to the Poway area so Charlie and the other Poway hams needed to evacuate….
“Day One: Is the fire near us? Where is the head of the fire? What directions are the heads going? What are the winds doing? Should we evacuate? What roads are closed? What about our animals? Where should we go? What should we take? What is the route to avoid the flames? Can you help us find missing people or pets? Can you help us get barrels of water for animals? Can you help us find food and water? Can you get the police to deal with looters? “Unlike Katrina, the questions and answers did not abate at night. It was nonstop. Terry K3PXX needed routing around the fires to evacuate his Animal trailer. Terry reported on Fires as he drove through Poway and back to San Marcos EOC. ROARS hams had evacuated Ramona and the 147.03 repeater and were looking for help to be routed safely out of the area. Fires broke out in Coronado Hills in San Marcos. People needed to be evacuated. Brian KF6C asked where to evacuate his 4 children. San Marcos EOC needed to be activated and FIRENET held the fort for them until they could get there and became operational to evacuate San Marcos. George KG6IDE tries to drive up to Ramona to evacuate elderly parents but we turn him back to avoid the flames…
"0130 Tuesday: N9XF reports flame proceeding down 76 from Fallbrook. Tom KI6IET, who is blind, but stays at his post as my backup net control, needs to be evacuated. Evacuation arranged ok. Rob WA3IHV calls from his office at Palomar hospital to tell us his family was evacuated OK and horses survived…
"2100 Tuesday: FIRENET hams drive to Qualcomm Stadium and load trucks with food. Dan leads ham relief convoy with food and supplies to Mira Costa College. Fire victims at shelter express gratitude for first food delivery…
"2350 Wednesday: KG6VVN signs off as net control as the 146.730 repeater runs out of fuel and goes off the air…”
Orange County Update
Acting Section Emergency Coordinator Cathy Gardenias, K6VC, provided this update on the situation in the ARRL Orange Section as of October 25: “Slide Fire/Green Valley is 17% contained; Grass Fire is 70% contained. Santiago Canyon Fire was 50% but was reduced last night as it turned and headed for the Riverside County border of the Cleveland National Forest.
“Amateur Radio operators have been utilized. The San Bernardino County Fire EOC has been using ECS and ARES members in the EOC to monitor communications and other jobs needed. At the command post at the Rim of The World High School near Lake Arrowhead, ECS and ARES members who have been fully trained in all ICS and S190 (bush training) are handling communications and other needs. This is according to Jeff W6JJR DEC for ARES San Bernardino County and a Public Information Officer (Miles) from the EOC in San Bernardino. The EOC is at Level III at this time.
“SATERN [Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network] Amateur Radio operators at all the shelters have been volunteering their time as non communicators, but as helpers for those who are in need.”
Fallbrook Update
Ken Dickson, W6MF, reported late Thursday on the Rice Fire in the Fallbrook area between Los Angeles and San Diego."We were notified this morning by our club president, Bigs Parker, KG6GIU, that his home had been destroyed. Bigs was on the Fallbrook Hospital Evacuation team on Monday....At the EOC briefing this morning our people were informed that approximately 9,000 acres had been consumed in the fire. One of the major concerns is "hanging" electric lines...Our Amateur Radio EOC is still up and operating at this hour. There have been some replacement amateurs that have returned to Fallbrook and have offered to provide some relief to the operators that have been there long term.”
As of Friday afternoon, CNN reported that 14 of the nearly two dozen fires were under control. Nearly 800 square miles has burned in Southern California, and seven deaths have been blamed on the fires, with dozens of injuries. Ron Roberts, Chairman of the San Diego Board of Supervisors estimates that 560,000 people were ordered to evacuate their homes, and thousands more were evacuated in San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Orange counties.
Firefighters received help from Mexico, the state and federal governments and even inmates from California's prisons. About 7000 firefighters were battling the blazes, including 2300 inmates from California's Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, according to Governor Schwarzenegger.
President Bush visited the area on Thursday and declared a federal emergency for seven counties: Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara and Ventura. FEMA Administrator David Paulison said that the President's action authorizes FEMA to "coordinate all disaster relief efforts, which have the purpose of alleviating the hardship and suffering caused by the emergency on the local population, and to provide appropriate assistance for required emergency measures, authorized under Title V of the Stafford Act, to save lives, protect property and public health and safety and lessen or avert the threat of a catastrophe." Schwarzenegger estimated that at least $75 million in federal aid would be needed. -- some information from The Weather Channel and CNN
-ARRL
Friday, September 28, 2007
Just a Reminder … RAE Meeting this Thursday!

The Radio Association of Erie meeting will be held on Thursday October 4th at 7 PM at the RAE Clubhouse at 3940 Wagner RD in McKean.
"Pete Smith's short film" Radio Hams centers on a family called to dinner. All but the teenage son respond. When family members go looking for him, one by one they are snared into a world of ham radio high adventure. One that includes a rescue in Alaska and a tragic search for a downed aircraft at sea. Unlike most films promoting ham radio, this one is not a documentary. It's a fully scripted 10 minute dramatic presentation featuring a cast of professional actors well directed by Felix Fiest. E. Mauriece Adler is credited with writing the screen play. "Radio Hams" is really a nostalgic look back at ham radio the way it never was.==> FCC TO LOWER VANITY CALL SIGN FEES SEPTEMBER 17
This marks the lowest fee in the history of the current vanity call sign program. The FCC is authorized by the Communications Act of 1934 (as amended) to collect vanity call sign fees to recover the costs associated with that program. The vanity call sign fee has fluctuated over the 11 years of the current program -- from a low of $12 to a high of $50. The FCC says it anticipates some 14,700 Amateur Radio vanity call sign "payment units" or applications during the next fiscal year,collecting $171,990 in fees from the program. The vanity call sign regulatory fee is payable not only when applying for a new vanity call sign, but also upon renewing a vanity call sign for a new term. The first vanity call sign licenses issued under the current Amateur Radio vanity call sign program that began in 1996 came up for renewal last year. Call signs issued prior to 1996 are not considered vanity call signs, even if the holder was able to request a specific call sign. Amateur Radio licensees may file for renewal only within 90 days of their license expiration date. All radio amateurs must have an FCC Registration Number (FRN) before filing any application with the Commission. Applicants can obtain an FRN by going to the ULS http://wireless.fcc.gov/uls/ and clicking on the "New Users Register" link. You must supply your Social Security Number to obtain an FRN. The ARRL VEC will process license renewals for vanity call sign holders for a modest fee. The service is available to ARRL members and nonmembers, although League members pay less. Routine, non-vanity renewals continue to be free for ARRL members. Trustees of club stations with vanity call signs may renew either via the ULS or through a Club Station Call Sign Administrator, such as ARRL VEC. License application and renewal information and links to the required forms are available on the ARRL Amateur Application Filing FAQ Web page http://www.arrl.org/FandES/field/regulations/application-filing-faq.html. The FCC's forms page http://www.fcc.gov/formpage.html also offers the required forms.
Thursday, September 27, 2007
RAE General Membership Meeting Minutes 9/6/2006
General Membership Meeting
September 6, 2006
The meeting was called to order by KE3V at 7:03 pm.
Board Members Present: KE3V, N3NKV, KB3BAM, KD3D, AD4UL
Board Members Absent: KB3JSN, N3ZNP, K3LD, KB3CAT
Secretary’s Report: N3NKV asked for a motion to accept the minutes as printed in the QUARAE. Motion Made by N3DBC. Seconded by KB3NAT.
Treasurer’s Report: KD3D provided the treasurer’s report.
Board Report:
N3NKV provided the board of directors report. Topics discussed included: investment update, status of repeaters, capital fund trustee appointment, phone for clubhouse, and electricity usage.
Membership: KD3D reported that we presently have 105 members. WB3DOM mentioned that we should have membership cards. KE3V mentioned that we need help with the upcoming mailing. N3DBC volunteered to help out. K3UFG mentioned various ways to increase membership of new hams in the club such as putting the meeting schedule on a magnet, letter of introduction, loaner equipment.
Clubhouse: N3SRD made a motion that the clubhouse telephone service be terminated effective 09-07-2007. Seconded by KB3BAM. Motion Carried. N3SRD mentioned he would bring out some old cell phones for calling 911 in case of emergency. N3NKV mentioned that the electricity bill was very high in July. We may way to keep an eye on the refrigerator and its electricity usage.
Education: K3UFG and KB3NAT gave a report on the upcoming Red Cross training, K3UFG mentioned the upcoming classes include a General Class starting up soon and an extra class starting up later in the year.
Public Service: AD4UL received 2 checks for various events. The next event is the Triathlon at Presque Isle on Saturday September 8th.
Contesting: AD4UL mentioned that the upcoming contests include the VHF/UHF contest this weekend and the PA QSO Party in October. AD4UL gave an overview of the lighthouse contest operations. KE3V was on location near Yacht Club lighthouse.
Skywarn/ARES/RACES: KB3NAT is working on the backbone link project.
Repeater: N3SRD gave a report on recent projects completed on the repeater. The repeater is now linked to 70 for the Mailbag net at 8 pm. On demand linking is up and running. Tones cannot pass through 82 or 70 to 61. All linking has to start at 61. N3SRD is looking for more control ops.
The 82 repeater is running at 5 watts output on the exciter. To get the GE Master II that was donated by N3APP up and running, 2 crystals are needed and a power supply are needed. N3SRD made a motion that the club purchase the crystals at a cost of approximately $120 and an Astron RS-35M Power Supply. Seconded by K3GJK. Motion Carried.
N3SRD made a motion that the bylaws need to changed to read “The repeater committee shall be allocated $300 per year with approval of 2 board members”. KE3V mentioned that before the bylaws can be changed they have go through the bylaws committee and the board of directors along with two readings and also need to be published in the QUARAE.
N3SRD reported that there is now a voter using the Stationmaster Antenna at the clubhouse.
New Business:
None
Old Business:
Kanzius Cancer Fund Collection: KE3V reported that $72.00 has been collected so far. N3SRD made a motion that the RAE donate $28.00 to cover the difference. The check will be from the Erie Ham Radio Community. Seconded by WB3DOM. Motion Carried.
50/50: Winner K3UFG donated winnings to Kanzius Cancer Fund.
Motion to Adjourn Made by K3UFG. Seconded by K3GJK.
Meeting adjourned at 8:25 pm
Respectfully Submitted,
John Lis
Radio Association of Erie Secretary
Clubhouse
Election Season is Here

Election Season is here. We keep our elections simple. No hanging chads nor do we have to worry about the voting machines breaking down. If you are interested in becoming part of the RAE Leadership Team, it is really simple.
Nominations should be submitted to a member of the election committee using the nomination form below.
Members of the election committee will be announced at the September meeting. At the October General meeting, additional nominations will be taken from the floor. After the October meeting is adjourned, no additional nominations will be accepted. At the November General meeting, elections will be conducted by the Election Committee.
The offices up for election are:
Business Officers: (President, Vice-President, Treasurer and Secretary) 1 Yr Term
Directors: One Director (1—3 year Term)
-----------------------------------------------------------
2007 NOMINATION FORM FOR CANDIDATES FOR OFFICE
IN THE RADIO ASSOCIATION of ERIE
Office: Nominee
President: ___________________________________
Vice President: ________________________________
Secretary: ___________________________________
Treasurer: __________________________________
Board of Directors-
3 yr: _______________________________________
Requires signature of 2 active or life members:
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Amateur Radio Classes
An Amateur Extra Class will begin Tuesday, Oct. 30. and held every Tuesday and Friday with Exams Tuesday, December 11.
All classes will take place at the Greater Erie County Red Cross Chapter, 4961 Pittsburgh Ave., Erie, PA 16509.
Please contact me if you'd like to join us. Technician and Extra Study Manuals are $24.95 each. (As an Instructor, I can order them without any shipping charges for you.)
Dan Miller, K3UFG
dmiller@erieredcross.org
(814) 796-4603 (H)
(814) 434-0798 (Nextel)
(814) 464-3664 (C)
(814) 823-8250 (Pager)
EchoLink #44648
Amateur Radio is a Great Tool to Bring People Together

Dieter said the American’s treated them well. His mother was asked to cook for the American soldiers. Dieter told me one day he found a lighter that didn’t work, but the flint still sparked. He said he liked to sneak around bushes and then pretend he was shooting the American soldiers while making the flint spark. He knows it was a real wonder he wasn’t shot. The family was transported across Germany about 30 miles at a time with his mother cooking for a new group of American soldiers for a couple of weeks at each stop. Eventually his mother managed to get back to her home near Cologne. He said food was extremely scarce, but that they received shipments from the United States, which they really appreciated. He said he still remembers how good the pea soup was.
Dieter went to school as a baker/confectioner in Switzerland. He said an opening came up in a place he had never heard of – Jersey. He applied and then later found out that the Germans had occupied Jersey during the war. He wondered what he was getting into. He arrived in Jersey by plane without being able to speak any English and without any money. But a cab took him across the island to a hotel and the cab driver brought a woman out who spoke German and paid for the cab. That job eventually led to another job on Jersey and he met his future wife, a Jersey native, who’s family had a store where Dieter bought baking supplies.
We enjoyed Dieter and Janine’s company for ten days. They really liked the US and found Pennsylvania much different than Florida. Since they stayed with us we could also explain things to them that they would not have understood otherwise. They thought prices of everything were great. We took them to the Grove City mall, Niagara Falls, the mountains, Presque Isle, wineries, and lots of other places. Even though their suitcases were almost empty when they arrived, they were overweight going back, but fortunately only paid a $25.00 fee. Dieter said that he thought the roads here were very nice and the drivers very courteous. They both loved the large houses and yards, as property on Jersey is very expensive. For instance a new three-bedroom house, with the smallest bedroom being about 4 foot by 6 foot sells for about 1.4 million US dollars.
I would never have met Dieter and his wife without amateur radio. This hobby gave us a common ground so that we could get to know each other. I think about various other people I have met in similar fashion, who live in other parts of the world. I talk to these people and at times get to visit them and learn how they live as Dieter learned how we live. What a great hobby.
SWAP AND SHOP -- OCTOBER 2007
FOR SALE
Ameritron AL-1200
1.5 KW Amplifier using 3CX1200A7 tube, Peter Dahl transformer, original owner, non
smoking environment, with manuals and original box
$1,500
2-Meter beam 10 element assembled $50
Ham M Rotor Rebuilt by Rotor Doctor in 2000, not used since, includes brake delay and quick connect; rebuild and add-on costs were $142; comes with some cable. Manual included
$190
Tail Twister T2X
Extra Heavy duty rotator with cable and new brake delay in box to be added. Includes
quick disconnect and manual.
$325
Dentron Super Super Tuner
This is the 3KW model, 160-10 AT 3KW,
$175
Butternut HF6V
Vertical 10-80 meters with manual, includes TBR-160 HD coil assembly for 160 meters.
One of the 200 pf caps for this coil is missing. A replacement can be ordered from
Surplus Sales of Nebraska for $20.
$160
MFJ-259
1.8-170 MHZ Antenna Analyzer, Good working order, no manual.
$175
Heathkit HM-102
HF Watt meter with manual, good working order.
$50
Heathkit HM 2140A
HF Watt Meter, good working order. With manual
$75
Rohn 25G tilt over tower
60 foot tilt over tower, flat top with thrust bearing, with manual, guy cables and torque
assembly, bolts, winch and pully assemblies. Tower is down on ground.
$375
Rohn 25G tilt over tower
60 foot older version of above, with winch, no pulley. Tapered top section. No guy wires
or torque assembly or bolts. Tower is on ground.
$275
Bird Coax Switch
Bird Model 7181 10 position coax switch. Has "N" connectors but several "N" to PL-259
adapters included. Works to 10 GHz.
$150
Heath Model 1B-5281 Heathkit ALC Bridge $25
Eico-AF-5
Audio signal generator (sine and square wave)
$25
Nye Low pass filter
$10
572-B
Pair of used tubes, checked out good. Used in SB-200 and other amps
Pair-$55
Hustler Antennas - Newtronics.
Hustler mobile fold over mast with quick disconnect, includes one, standard 80 M coil,
one high power 40 M, one high power 20M, and one standard 40M.
all- $65
Heathkit SB Line
SB-301 and SB-401 with manuals. 80-10 meter tube rig. SSB / CW, 180 PEP. Works
split freq or transceive. Was in working order when put in storage many years ago. Non
smoking environment, built by me. Condition is average to good. Cables included and 6
meter converter. Won't separate the pair.
$250
W2DU Balun
The popular 1:1 balun by Unadilla. New in package.
$20
Amplified Mic Stand T-UG9
Astatic amplified Mic. Stand. Only used a few times. One scratch. Otherwise like new.
$35
Dow Key Relay 115 VAC - rebuilt
$15
Contact:
Larry Jones W3PJL at 734-1457
or
Steve Miller WA3JJT at 572-2214 Cell
Sunday, September 2, 2007
Welcome to New QUA-RAE Format!

73,
John
N3NKV
RAE QUARAE Editor/Webmaster
Club Meeting This Thursday!
The Radio Association of Erie meeting will be held on Thursday September 6th at 7 PM at the RAE Clubhouse at 3940 Wagner RD in McKean.
August Meeting Minutes
General Membership Meeting
August 2, 2007
Meeting Minutes
The meeting was called to order by KE3V at 7:08 pm.
Board Members Present: KE3V, N3NKV, WB3DOM, KB3CAT, and KB3BAM
Not Present: KD3D, N3ZNP, KB3JSN, and K3LD
Secretary’s Report: N3NKV asked for a motion to accept the minutes as printed in the QUARAE. Motion to accept made by KB3JZL. Seconded by KB3CAT. Motion Carried.
Treasurer’s Report: N3NKV read the July treasurer’s report that was provided at the board meeting.
Board Report: N3NKV gave a brief overview of the July board meeting. Topics discussed included: Repeater update, bylaws, elections, and investments.
KE3V added that WB3DOM has resigned from the board. We are in the process of looking for a replacement board member and a new board chairman.
Investments- AD4UL asked whether the funds have been transferred yet. KE3V mentioned that N3LBI is waiting for paperwork.
Committee Reports:
Membership: KE3V report that there are presently 109 members.
Education: K3UFG reported that there are 9 people in the technician class at the Red Cross. RTT training will be this weekend.
Public Service: AD4UL mentioned that the next public service event is the Caring Place Triathlon on September 8th
Contesting: AD4UL mentioned he will be at the North Pier Lighthouse for the Lighthouse Contest this weekend and the ILLW contest on August 18th & 19th. Doug mentioned that we need someone out at the Presque Isle Lighthouse and the Erie Yacht Club Lighthouse.
Skywarn: KB3NAT and KB3CAT reported that they are trying to get link to the 6 meter backbone back up and running again.
Repeater: N3APP gave an overview of the move of 61 to St. Vincents. He reported that the “Crackle” is back sometimes. The cause maybe antenna/tower issues. Also coming soon will be on demand linking to 82.
N3APP reported that the antenna we are using now needs to be repaired. The weather radio is also broken and a pre-amp should be added to help improve handheld coverage.
N3APP made a motion that the club purchase the following items for the 61 repeater:
Diamond F23A 2 Meter Antenna
Angle Linear Gas Fet Pre-Amp
CAT WX-200 Weather Receiver.
Motion Seconded by N3SRD. Motion Carried.
N3APP reported that the receiver on 61 was tuned as best as possible without a signal generator.
NEW BUSINESS
KE3V mentioned at the September meeting we will be discussing 2008 dues. KB3CAT mentioned that we may want to consider at $15 for early payment and $20 for late payment.
KE3V also brought up that we may want to consider dropping phone service at the clubhouse because we do not a repeater there. KE3V polled those present and only 2-3 present have used it.
N3NKV mentioned to look in the next QUARAE for information about elections.
Kanzius Cancer Research Fund Collection: KE3V reported that he is still taking collections. N3SRD made a motion that the proceeds from the 50/50 go to the funds. Seconded by AD4UL. Motion Carried.
50/50: $15.50 – Winner KA3CPV- First Time since 1979.
Motion to Adjourn at 8:15 pm made by KB3CAT. Seconded by KB3BAM.
Respectfully Submitted,
John Lis
Radio Association of Erie
Secretary
Public Service News
On Saturday August 25, at 8AM ten kayaks set out across the bay from the Presque Isle lagoons to the first stop at the Chestnut ST boat launch.
After a bit of refreshment, they were off to the Vista 3 boat ramp at Presque Isle. In the mean time a bit of rain started to fall at Vista 3 so I called for Alan KB3DUO for a possible weather report and lo and behold he was listening and assured me that the rain was out over the lake and would not affect the event. After a stop at Vista 3 they were off to the start/finish line at the lagoons. Also at 10 AM eleven boats left the start line and headed through the lagoons to the West Pier rest stop, then out into the bay headed for Perry Monument/Misery Bay and back to the finish line. Everyone got home safe and sound .
Diane Sickles from the March of Dimes and I would like to THANK the following operators for their assistance: Frank KB3NAT, Matt KB3CAT, John N3DBC and Alan KB3DUO.
Doug AD4UL
The next public service event is the Caring Place Triathlon on Saturday September 8th at Presque Isle State Park.If you would like to help out for this last event of the year, please be make sure to sign up at the August club meeting or Contact Doug AD4UL at 453-2915 or e-mail ad4ul@arrl.net
General Upgrade Class
A General Upgrade class will begin on Tuesday, September 18, 6 PM at the Greater Erie Red Cross Chapter.
Classes will be Tuesday and Fridays, 6 to 8 PM,
Sept. 18, 21, 25, 28 and Oct. 2, 5 and 9, with the Gen Exam on Tuesday, Oct. 16.
If interested, please contact Dan Miller K3UFG ASAP!
(814) 434-0798 (Nextel)
(814) 464-3664 (C)
E-mail: dmiller@erieredcross.org
VE Tests
Are you planning on upgrading in the near future?
The Wattsburg Wireless has VE exams the Second Saturday of each month at 9:00 AM
Location: GREENE TWNSHP MUNICIPAL BLDG
RM 107
9333 TATE ROAD
USE DISTRICT JUSTICE ENTRANCE!
Contact: FLOYD O TITUS(814)825-8599
Email: TITUS@VELOCITY.NET
Election Season is Here
Election Season is here. We keep our elections simple. No hanging chads nor do we have to worry about the voting machines breaking down. If you are interested in becoming part of the RAE Leadership Team, it is really simple.
Nominations should be submitted to a member of the election committee using the nomination form below.
Members of the election committee will be announced at the September meeting. At the October General meeting, additional nominations will be taken from the floor. After the October meeting is adjourned, no additional nominations will be accepted. At the November General meeting, elections will be conducted by the Election Committee.
The offices up for election are:
Business Officers: (President, Vice-President, Treasurer and Secretary) 1 Yr Term
Directors: One Director (1—3 year Term)
-----------------------------------------------------------
2007 NOMINATION FORM FOR CANDIDATES FOR OFFICE
IN THE RADIO ASSOCIATION of ERIE
Office: Nominee
President: ___________________________________
Vice President: ________________________________
Secretary: ___________________________________
Treasurer: __________________________________
Board of Directors-
3 yr: _______________________________________
Requires signature of 2 active or life members:
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
Just a Reminder!
Part 97 : Sec. 97.119 Station identification
(a) Each amateur station, except a space station or telecommand station, must transmit its assigned call sign on its transmitting channel at the end of each communication, and at least every 10 minutes during a communication, for the purpose of clearly making the source of the transmissions from the station known to those receiving the transmissions. No station may transmit unidentified communications or signals, or transmit as the station call sign, any call sign not authorized to the station.
Upcoming Hamfests
Sunday September 23rd
Cleveland Hamfest & Computer ShowHamfest Association of Cleveland, Inc.
http://www.hac.org
Berea, OHCuyahoga County Fairgrounds
164 Eastland Road
Talk-In: 146.73 MHz (PL 110.9)
Sunday October 14th
Western New York Section Convention (Greater Buffalo Harvest Hamfest)
Lancaster Amateur Radio Club
http://gbhamfest.hamgate.net/
Buffalo, NY
Ismailia Shrine Center
1600 Southwestern Blvd.
Talk-In: 147.255 (PL 107.2)
Kittanning man takes part in experiment using his knowledge of Morse code
By Tom Mitchell
From Kittanning LEADER TIMES
Wednesday, June 27, 2007
KITTANNING -- It's a language that's understood in virtually every country in the world, yet few are conversant in it. It's strange language consisting of only two monotone sounds, a long and a short beep. The language is the International Morse code and a borough man, John Shannon, is among the nation's foremost experts on this unique form of communication practiced today only by some amateur radio operators.
On June 18, Shannon, whose amateur radio call is K3WWP, was invited to the University of Pittsburgh's main campus in the Oakland section of Pittsburgh to take part in a short-term memory study involving Morse code users.
Julie Fiez, a psychology professor with the university said she got the idea of using Morse code users in her studies from a family member who is a licensed amateur radio operator and proficient with "CW," the radio term for Morse code which means "continuous wave."
Fiez said she was drawn to the idea of using CW in experiments to see how people process verbal and audio tones.
"Our interest is in verbal working memory," she said, "which is the ability to keep 'on-line' for short time, information you can access later.
As an example of short-term memory retention, Fiez said when people look up a number in a phone book, then close the book and a minute later dial the number, they are using short-term memory to remember a number they've seen in the book. "We use neuro-imaging and behavorial studies to try to understand what brain areas contribute to a person's ability to perform a task," she said. Test subjects view lists of random letters that appear on a computer monitor. After each list, they are asked to write the letters on a note pad. Next, they hear a series of random letters through ear phones and again, note each group. The final groups of letters are sent in Morse code. Subjects also copy Morse code sentences sent at 16, 19 and 24 words per minute. It was in this latter test that Shannon excelled.
Licensed as a radio operator since 1963, Shannon obtained an extra class license, the highest class available, in 1968. Although his license gives him full privileges on all amateur radio frequencies, Shannon prefers to use Morse code exclusively." Anyone can talk into a microphone," he said, "but using CW is a skill that few bother to maintain." Shannon said he laments the fact that code proficiency is no longer a requirement in obtaining a radio amateur license. Since 1994 Shannon has made a minimum of one QSO (amateur radio contact) a day using Morse code. That translates to more than 4,700 consecutive days of radio contacts.
Shannon said he has confirmed Morse code contacts with radio amateurs in more than 200 foreign countries as well as having worked all states and Canadian provinces.
"There are some places that constitute a 'country' for radio purposes that are not actually countries or sovereign nations," Shannon said. "For example, if you work a scientific research station in the Antarctic, that counts as a country. St. Peter and Paul Islands, northeast of Brazil, or Kergulen Island, a French possession in the Indian Ocean, also count as countries."
However, Shannon's contacts are done the "hard way,' by using low-power, 5 watts or less, and simple wire antennas. "It's called QRP, meaning low power, operation," he said. "This shows the ability of even low powered CW signals to 'get through' while other modes may not for various reasons." Shannon said that while he never considered short-term memory ability in relation to amateur radio, a study of the idea has merit. While most CW operators can copy 20 words per minute, and some up to 35, Shannon is certified as having copied a sizzling 55 words per minute. He said that there may be only a few dozen or so radio operators in the nation who can copy CW at that speed. "You don't hear letters," he said, "you hear words or sometimes short sentences. You have to use a key board to copy because no one can write that fast and you always copy 'behind,' meaning that you are typing in what was sent several seconds earlier, so you're definitely using short term memory."
To date Fiez and two assistants, Maryam Khatami and Sara Guediche, have tested nine radio amateur volunteers. Shannon is the only subject from Kittanning.
"We're still looking for volunteers who are proficient in Morse," Fiez said. "The studies will continue through the summer at least."
She said she expects to find differences between individuals on the basis of how skilled they are with Morse and in the terms of how they used the code in their radio experience. Fiez said she hope to use the information gathered to better understand short-term memory.
Shannon said he will detail his part in the experiment in an upcoming issue of World Radio Magazine.




